No. The Catholic Church had adopted the theories of Aristotle, that the Sun went around the Earth. This was church dogma, and anyone who questioned it risked a charge of heresy.

By the early 1500s, Copernicus had figured out that the Earth went around the Sun. But it took quite a while, until after Galileo, before people were willing to change their minds. This theory's gradual acceptance was a revolution that overthrew past authority. In fact, the English word "revolution", meaning "a challenge to authority" came from the name of of Copernicus' book, On the Revolution of the Celestial Orbs, in which he challenges the authority of astronomical ideas of the time.